DAR ES SALAAM, Tanzania — October 29-31, 2025.
Tanzania is facing a serious political crisis as nationwide protests and violent unrest followed the general elections on October 29. The elections, which resulted in a landslide declared win for Samia Suluhu Hassan, were marred by credible allegations of opposition exclusion, internet black-outs, use of force by security agencies and reports of high casualties.
Key Developments
President Samia Suluhu Hassan of the ruling Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) has been declared winner with nearly 98% of the vote, according to the electoral commission. The main opposition parties were effectively sidelined ahead of the vote — top challengers including Tundu Lissu were barred or imprisoned. Protests broke out in major cities such as Dar es Salaam and Mwanza, with demonstrators setting fire to buses, petrol stations and government-linked buildings. The government responded by imposing curfews, deploying the military, blocking internet access country-wide and shutting down key transport connections. Death tolls are heavily disputed: opposition sources claim as many as 700 killed, while UN rights monitors place the confirmed number at at least 10 in three cities.
Why It Matters
This unrest represents a major challenge to Tanzania’s political stability and economic prospects. For a country that has enjoyed relative peace and steady growth, the scale of the reaction signals deep discontent with governance and electoral processes.
The disruption threatens investor confidence, regional trade links — particularly with neighbouring Kenya — and could undermine reforms tied to the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) and infrastructure programmes across East Africa.
What to Watch
Final, certified election results and whether any international observers or legal challengers intervene. Government response to the death-toll allegations and whether an independent investigation is launched. Impact on foreign direct investment, tourism, and regional integration in the months ahead. Potential for wider unrest if the opposition rejects the outcome and if security forces continue their hard-line tactics.
